Improvement in freezing or cooling machines



C. E. KL EINSCHMIDT'. FREEZING OR COOLING MACHINES.

NOLI84QDIZ. "Patented K ev 7, 1876 THE GRAPHIC COMA'.

UNITED STATEs PATENT QFFIGE.

CHARLES E. KLEINSOHMIDT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN FREEZING OR COOLING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 184,012, dated November7, 1876; application filed June 21, 1876.

' this specification.

My invention relates tmfreezing or cooling machines of that classoperating by means of compressed air to produce a reduced temperature.

In Figure 1 of the drawing is represented, in plan view, a demonstrationof the essential parts and mechanism entering into a device constructedaccording to my invention, said invention consisting in the followingparts and combinations, as hereinafter specified and claimed, wherein Ais the cylinder, where air is compressed; O, the steam or powercylinder; and B, the expansion or auxiliary cylinder. Each cylinder A BG is provided with its piston a b c. The three pitmcn center upon andare attached to a single crank, D. E is a cooler, which may be of anysuitable construction. That which I prefer is a vessel or chamber forcontaining water at the ordinary degree of temperature, or lower, as maybe desired. Through this chamber is led a pipe, E, which may be made topass direct, or in the form of a worm or any tortuous manner, so as toobtain the desired cooling effect of the water upon the compressed airin the pipe E.

The cylinder 0 may be either any suitable steam-engine or water-power,and this cylinder is the prime source of power for the operation of mydevice, which is as follows: The cylinder A, which I term thecompressionchamber, is essentially a double-acting bellows. Each strokeof the piston, as it travels in one direction, draws air into thecylinder behind it, while it compresses the air in its front.The-compressed air is exhausted into the pipe E, and passes in itscompressed condition through the cooling medium E, whereby itstemperature is greatly reduced. This compressed air is discharged-intothe expansion or auxiliary cylinder B, where it is forced against thepiston in said cylinder, and is utilized to assist the action of thesteam-cylinder 0, thereby requiring less power on the part ofsteam-cylinder O for the proper operation of the machine. As the pistonof the cylinder returns in its stroke, the operation just described isrepeated upon opposite ends of the cylinders A and B. As the compressedair in the cylinder B operates to force the piston b sufficiently nearto the end of its cylinder, a

valve is operated in said cylinder whereby the compressed air behindsaid piston b is released and dischargedinto acooling-chamber or uponthe material to be cooled. At the same time and by the same means thevalve in front of the piston b is closed just before the compressed airfrom the cylinder A escapes, and is discharged into the cylinder B forproducing a return stroke of piston I).

It will be seen that my machine operates to produce a low temperatureupon the wellknown principle of first compressing atmospheric air; thencooling this compressed air, and afterward allowing it to expand. I haveplaced the motive power of my device in such position and relation tothe compressing-cylinder A that their collective and separate forceshall act to the best advantage when the resistance of thecompressing-cylinder A isat its maximum. To accomplish this I can eitherplace the compressing and expanding cylinders A and B in such a relationto each other that their center lines, when extended, shall cross eachother at an angle of not more than one hundred and twenty degrees orless than seventy-five degrees; or I can place the cyliuders parallel toeach other, as shownat Fig. 2 of the drawings, in which case theirpistonrods or pitmen shall operate upon three cranks of a single shaftset at angles to each other corresponding to the angles above named.This I consider but a modification of the arrangement shown in Fig. l,and either may be employed at pleasure. It is not necessary that thecylinder or'driviug power 0 should be situated between the cylinders Aand B, as

shown, as it may be placed opposite that loca tion, if desired.

One of the principal objects of my invention is to accomplish thegreatest amount by the expenditure of the least amount of force, and Ido this by utilizing the expansive force of the compressed air, makingit assist the motive power, through its action upon the piston b, at atime when most needed, and when it can be applied to the best advantage.

I do not limit myself to any precise construction of valves, as anysuitable valves may be employed for accomplishing the results andfunctions hereinbefore specified.

What I claim is- -1. The combination, with the motive-cylinder 0, of thecompression-cylinder A and auxiliary or expansion cylinder B,substantially as and for the purpose shown.

2. The cylinders A and B, placed in such relation to each other thattheir line of direction and operation shall bear the relation of notmore than one hundred and twenty degrees or less than seventy-fivedegrees, in combination with exhaust and cooling pipe E and. its valves,substantially as and for the purpose shown.

3. The combination, with the compressingcylinder A and steam-cylinder O,of the expansion or auxiliary cylinder B, substantially as and for thepurpose shown.

4. The combination of the cylinders A and I name to this specificationin the presence of' two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES E. KLEINSOHMIDT. Witnesses:

FRANCIS ToUMEY, JAMES P. WALSH.

